Non-finite verb forms in english | seminarski diplomski

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Faculty of Philosophy,
Department for English Language and Literature
NON-FINITE VERB
FORMS IN ENGLISH
-TERM PAPER-
Niš
March, 2008
        INTRODUCTION
VERBALS
In English, non-finite verb forms are termed as verbals.  The types of verbals are infinitives, participles and gerunds.  Verbals are precisely those words that seem to carry the idea of action or being but do not function as true verbs.
THE INFINITIVE
I tried not to spy them.
They are not to be disturbed.
An infinitive phrase is a group of words consisting of an infinitive -the root of the verb preceded by to- and the modifiers, pronouns, nouns, noun phrases that function as actors, direct and indirect objects, or complements of the action or state expressed in the infinitive, such as:
We intended to leave early.
THE INFINITIVE FORMS
The following chart introduces the infinitive forms that are useable in contemporary English:
The present infinitive, the ordinary infinitive form (to talk, to walk), is formed with the root of a particular verb plus the particle to. It indicates that the action expressed by the infinitive occurs either at the same time or later than the action expressed by the finite verb in the sentence, and thus refers to present, past or future:
He would have liked to see more people coming to the party.
In the example above, the present infinitive to see is in the same time as the past would have liked.
Jill is anxious to try out her new dress.
The fact that Jill is anxious is concurrent with the moment of the utterance, but the ‘trying out’ part is in a manner of speaking yet to follow.
The present infinitive may also correspond to a future action when occurring with modal verbs.
Jim should go and visit him in a couple of days.
We have to get to the station early tomorrow.
The progressive infinitive is created with the verb (to) be and the present participle of the main verb(to be watching, to be listening). It indicates that the action and events are in progress at the time, or around the time expressed by the finite verb in the sentence.
He seems to be drinking a lot.
The sentence suggests that the action expressed by the perfect infinitive was, is and will be continuing around the time talked about.
The weather seems to be improving.
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